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Objective: To identify whether positive, negative, or zero work is being done, to identify the force that is doing the work, and to describe the energy transformation associated with such work.

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Chemical Reactions

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Associate the location of an element within the Periodic Table with the number of valence electrons and the typical chemistry it displays.

Student Name:

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Use an understanding of how the outer shell electrons affect the chemistry of compound formation to identify the formula of a product.

An NGSS-Inspired Task

Predict a product, identify coefficients in the balanced chemical equation, and count atoms to confirm that it is balancead.

If given two reactants, predict the product of a simple reaction and provide an explanation for why it occurs.

Compound Formation

Match the electron shell diagram of two elements to the chemical formula of the compound that they would form.

The Periodic Table

Balance It!

Predicting and Explaining

Matching Pairs

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Periodic Table,Matching Pairs,Compound Formation,Predict and Explain,Balance It!

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Activity 4: Predicting and Explaining Your class is now at the point of being able to provide an explanation for the outcome of a reaction. But before you do some major league explanations, she wants you to look at some good and bad explanations. In this activity, you will be given the formulas of two reactants. There are four different explanations given for what the outcome is and how the reaction takes place. You will have to analyze each explanation and identify the one that is accurate. Use the Periodic Table and an understanding of the outer shell (or valence shell) electron states to assist with your analysis.

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Identify the explanation that accurate explains the outcome and the accompanying evidence for the outcome.

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Activity 5: Balance It! It’s now time to put it all together … to balance a chemical equation. In this activity, you will predict the product of a reaction and identify its chemical formula. You will then insert coefficients into the equation in front of reactant and product formulas in order to balance the chemical equation. In a chemical reaction, atoms of any element are conserved. That is, the number of atoms of an element will be the same on the reactant side as the product side. You will perform an atom count to show that this balance exists. Your friend - the Periodic Table - is available below if you need it. Good luck. You got this!

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Now use the Tap Me! buttons to balance the equation.

Identify the product of the following reaction:

Show that the reaction is balanced by conducting an atom count. Count the # of atoms of each element on the reactant and product side.

Reactant Side:

Product Side:

Activity 1: The Periodic Table Your teacher has introduced the current unit on Chemical Reactions. She has explained how the goal of the unit is to be able to explain why chemical reactions occur. She emphasized that the ability to explain chemical reactions is dependent upon an understanding of the Periodic Table of Elements and the patterns associated with elements and their outer shell (or valence shell) electron configuration. Understanding the electron configuration of elements will help you to explain why two elements might form the compounds that they do. Before you begin explaining chemical reactions, it is important that you review these ideas.

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Consider the reaction of the elements Na (EN = 0.9) and F (EN = 4.0).

Ratio of Na to F atoms in sodium fluoride is:

Mg:

Cl:

Activity 3: Compound Formation Your Chemistry class has spent considerable time discussing the importance of outer shell (or valence shell) electrons in determining how bonds are formed between two elements. Your teacher would like you to put this learning into practice in order to predict the compound formed by the reaction of two elements – a metal and a non-metal. Use a periodic table to assist with your predictions.

Elements Na and F react to produce:

Activity 2: Matching Pairs You have likely learned that an element’s “chemistry” is determined by its outer shell electrons. In other words, the manner in which an element reacts with other elements can be predicted if one knows the number of electrons in the outer shells of its atoms. You have also likely learned that the number of electrons in the outer shells of main group elements depends on the location of that element on the Periodic Table. Elements in the same group or column have the same number of outer shell electrons. In this activity, you will be putting these two ideas into practice. You will be given a diagram of the outer shell electrons for two elements. You will match the diagram to a possible chemical formula that the two elements would form.

The valence shell electrons for two different elements. Match the diagrams to the corresponding chemical formula of the compound formed from the two elements.

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